Amplifier

Model amplifier in RF systems

Library:
RF Blockset / Circuit Envelope / Elements

Description

Use the Amplifier block to model a linear or nonlinear amplifier, with or without noise. Defining the amplifier gain using a data source also defines input data visualization and modeling. Use the Main tab parameters to specify amplifier gain and noise using data sheet values, standard s2p files, S-parameters, or circuit envelope polynomial coefficients.

The amplifier is implemented as a polynomial, voltage-controlled voltage source (VCVS) except when the amplifier gain is obtained from a Data source. The VCVS includes nonlinearities that are described using parameters listed in the Nonlinearity tab. To model linear amplification, the amplifier implements the relation V_out = a₁*V_in between the input and output voltages. The input voltage is V_i(t) = A_i(t)e^jωt, and the output voltage is V_o(t) = A_o(t)e^jωt at each carrier w = 2πf in the RF Blockset™ environment.

In case the amplifier gain is obtained from a data source, amplifier implementation is based on S-parameter data.

Nonlinear amplification is modeled as a polynomial (with the saturation power computed automatically). It also produces additional intermodulation frequencies.

Parameters

expand all

Main

`Source of amplifier gain` — Source parameter of the amplifier gain
`Available power gain` (default) | `Open circuit voltage gain` | `Data source` | `Polynomial coefficients`

Source parameter of the amplifier gain, specified as one of the following:

Available power gain — Available power gain parameter is used to calculate the linear voltage gain term of the polynomial VCVS, a₁. This calculation assumes a matched load termination for the amplifier.
Open circuit voltage gain — Open circuit voltage gain parameter is used as the linear voltage gain term of the polynomial VCVS, a₁.
Data source —
When using the data source option, S₁₁ and S₂₂, are used as the input and output impedances. The data sources are specified using either Data file or Network-parameters or Rational model, depending on the value of Data source.
Polynomial coefficients — The block implements a nonlinear voltage gain according to the specified polynomial coefficients

`Available power gain` — Available power gain
0 `dB` (default) | scalar

Available power gain of amplifier, specified as a scalar in dB. Specify the units from the corresponding drop-down list.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, choose Available power gain in the Source of amplifier gain tab.

`Open circuit voltage gain` — Open circuit voltage gain
0 `dB` (default) | scalar

Open circuit voltage of amplifier, specified as a scalar in dB. Specify the units from the corresponding drop-down list.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, choose Open circuit voltage gain in the Source of amplifier gain tab.

`Data source` — Data source
`Data File` (default) | `Network-parameters` | `Rational Model`

Data source, specified as one of the following:

Data file — Name of a Touchstone file with the extension.s2p.
Network-parameters — Provide Network parameter data such as S-parameters, Y-parameters, and Z-parameters with corresponding Frequency and Reference impedance (ohms) for the amplifier.
Rational model — Provide values for Residues, Poles, and Direct feedthrough parameters which correspond to the equation for a rational model

$F (s) = (\sum_{k = 1}^{n} \frac{C_{k}}{s - A_{k}} + D) \begin{matrix} , & s = j 2 π f \end{matrix}$
In this rational model equation, each C_k is the residue of the pole A_k. If C_k is complex, a corresponding complex conjugate pole and residue must also be enumerated. This object has the properties C, A, and D. You can use these properties to specify the Residues, Poles, and Direct feedthrough parameters.

When the amplifier is nonlinear, the nonlinearity applies only to the S21 term of the scattering parameters representing the 2-port element. In this case, S21 is frequency-independent with its constant value being either the maximal value of S21, or the S21 value at an Operation frequency specified by the user. The other scattering parameters, S11, S12, and S22 remain the same as in the linear case.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, select Data source in Source of amplifier gain tab.

`Polynomial coefficients` — Polynomial coefficients
`[0 1]` (default) | vector

Order of polynomial, specified as a vector.

The order of the polynomial must be less than or equal to 9. The coefficients are ordered in ascending powers. If a vector has 10 coefficients, [a₀,a₁,a₂, ... a₉], the polynomial it represents is:

V_out = a₀ + a₁V_in + a₂V_in² + ... + a₉V_in⁹

where a₁ represents the linear gain term, and higher-order terms are modeled according to [1].

For example, the vector [a₀,a₁,a₂,a₃] specifies the relation V_out = a₀ + a₁V₁ + a₂V₁² + a₃V₁³. Trailing zeroes are omitted. So, [a₀,a₁,a₂] defines the same polynomial as [a₀,a₁,a₂, 0]. The default value of this parameter is [0,1], corresponding to the linear relation V_out = V_in.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, select Polynomial coefficients in Source of amplifier gain tab.

`Network parameter type` — Network parameter type
`S-parameters` (default) | `Y-parameters` | `Z-parameters`

Network parameter type, specified as S-parameters, Y-parameters, or Z-parameters.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, first select Data source in Source of amplifier gain tab. Then, select Network-parameters in the Data source tab.

`Input impedance (Ohm)` — Input impedance
`50` (default) | scalar

Input impedance of amplifier, specified as a scalar.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, select Available power gain, Open circuit voltage gain, or Polynomial coefficients in Source of amplifier gain tab.

`Output impedance (Ohm)` — Output impedance
`50` (default) | scalar

Output impedance of amplifier, specified as a scalar.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, select Available power gain, Open circuit voltage gain, or Polynomial coefficients in Source of amplifier gain tab.

`Data file` — Name of network parameter data file
`simrfV2_unitygain.s2p` (default) | character vector

Name of network parameter data file, specified as a character vector.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, first select Data source in Source of amplifier gain tab. Then, select Data file in Data source.

`Frequency (dB)` — Frequency of network parameters
`1e9 Hz` (default) | scalar | `Hz` | `kHz` | `MHz` | `GHz`

Frequency of network parameters, specified as a scalar in Hz.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, first select Data source in Source of amplifier gain tab. Then, select Network-parameters in Data source.

`Reference Impedance(Ohm)` — Reference impedance of network parameters
`50` (default) | scalar

Reference impedance of network parameters, specified as a scalar.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, first select Data source in Source of amplifier gain tab. Then, select Network-parameters in Data source.

`Residues` — Residues in order of rational model
`0` (default) | vector

Residues in order of rational model, specified as a vector.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, first select Data source in Source of amplifier gain tab. Then, select Rational model in Data source.

`Poles` — Residues in order of rational model
`0` (default) | vector

Poles in order of rational model, specified as a vector.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, first select Data source in Source of amplifier gain tab. Then, select Rational model in Data source.

`Direct feedthrough` — Direct feedthrough
`{0 0:1 0}` (default) | array of vectors

Direct feedthrough, specified as an array vector.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, first select Data source in Source of amplifier gain tab. Then, select Rational model in Data source.

`Specify operation frequency` — Specify operation frequency
`on` (default) | `off`

Select this option to specify operation frequency.

By default, this option is not selected.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, first you should specify nonlinear Polynomial coefficients in Source of amplifier gain. Then select Piece-wise linear orColored in Noise distribution in the Noise pane.

`Operation frequency` — Operation frequency
`0` (default) | scalar | vector

Operation frequency, specified as a scalar or vector in Hz.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, first you should select Specify operation frequency.

`Ground and hide negative terminals` — Ground RF circuit terminals
`on` (default) | `off`

Select this option to ground and hide the negative terminals. Clear this parameter to expose the negative terminals. By exposing these terminals, you can connect them to other parts of your model.

By default, this option is selected.

Nonlinearity

`Nonlinear polynomial type` — Type of nonlinearity
`Even and odd order` (default) | `Odd order`

Type of nonlinearity, specified as Even and odd order or Odd order.

When you select Even and odd order, the amplifier can produce second- and third-order intermodulation frequencies in addition to a linear term.
When you select Odd order, the amplifier generates only odd order intermodulation frequencies.
The linear gain determines the linear a₁ term. The block calculates the remaining terms from the specified parameters. These parameters are IP3, 1-dB gain compression power, Output saturation power, and Gain compression at saturation. The number of constraints you specify determines the order of the model. The figure shows the graphical definition of the nonlinear amplifier parameters.

`Intercept points convention` — Intercept points convention
`Output` (default) | `Input`

Intercept points convention, specified a Input-referred, or Output-referred convention. Use this specification for the intercept points, 1-dB gain compression power, and saturation power.

`IP2` — Second-order intercept point
`infdBm` (default) | scalar | `W` | `mW` | `dBW` | `dBm`

Second-order intercept point, specified as a scalar.

Dependencies

To set this parameter, select Even and odd order in Nonlinear polynomial type.

`IP3` — Third-order intercept point
`infdBm` (default) | scalar | `W` | `mW` | `dBW` | `dBm`

Third-order intercept point, specified as a scalar.

`1-dB gain compression power` — 1-dB gain compression power
`inf dBm` (default) | scalar | `W` | `mW` | `dBW` | `dBm`

1-dB gain compression power, specified as a scalar.

Dependencies

To set this parameter, select Odd order in Nonlinear polynomial type.

`Output saturation power` — Output saturation power
`inf dBm` (default) | scalar | `W` | `mW` | `dBW` | `dBm`

Output saturation power, specified as scalar. The block uses this value to calculate the voltage saturation point used in the nonlinear model. In this case, the first derivative of the polynomial is zero, and the second derivative is negative.

Dependencies

To set this parameter, select Odd order in Nonlinear polynomial type.

`Gain compression at saturation` — Gain compression at saturation
`inf dBm` (default) | scalar | `W` | `mW` | `dBW` | `dBm`

Gain compression at saturation, specified as scalar.

When Nonlinear polynomial type is Odd order, specify the gain compression at saturation.

Dependencies

To set this parameter, first select Odd order in Nonlinear polynomial type. Then, change the default value of Output saturation power

`Specify operation frequency` — Specify operation frequency
`on` (default) | `off`

Select this option to specify operation frequency.

By default, this option is not selected.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, the data source must be nonlinear or the noise should be colored.

`Operation frequency` — Operation frequency
`0` (default) | scalar | vector

Operation frequency, specified as a scalar or vector in Hz.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, first you should select Specify operation frequency.

Noise

`Simulate noise` — Simulate thermal noise
`on` (default) | `off`

Select this parameter, to simulate noise as specified in block parameters or on file.

If the noise is specified in an .s2p file, then it is used for simulation.

`Noise type` — Noise type
`Noise figure` (default) | `Spot noise data`

Noise type, specified as Noise figure or Spot noise data.

`Noise distribution` — Noise distribution
`White` (default) | `Piece-wise linear` | `Colored`

Noise distribution, specified as:

White, spectral density is a single non-negative value. The power value of the noise depends on the bandwidth of the carrier and the bandwidth depends on the time step. This is an uncorrelated noise source.
Piece-wise linear, spectral density is a vector of values [p_i]. For each carrier, the noise source behaves like a white uncorrelated noise. The power of the noise source is carrier-dependent.
Colored, depends on both carrier and bandwidth. This is a correlated noise source.

`Noise figure (dB)` — Noise figure
0 (default) | scalar

Noise figure, specified as a scalar in decibels.

`Frequencies` — Frequency data
`0Hz` (default) | scalar | vector

Frequency data, specified as a scalar or vector in hertz.

Dependencies

To set this parameter, first select Piece-wise linear or Colored in Noise distribution.

`Minimum noise figure (dB)` — Minimum noise figure
`0` (default) | scalar | vector

Minimum noise figure, specified as a scalar or vector in decibels.

Dependencies

To set this parameter, first select Spot noise data in Noise type.

`Optim reflection coefficient` — Optim reflection coefficient
`0` (default) | scalar | vector

Optim reflection coefficient, specified as a scalar or a vector.

Dependencies

To set this parameter, first select Spot noise data in Noise type.

`Equivalent normalized noise resistance` — Equivalent normalized noise resistance
`0` (default) | scalar | vector

Equivalent normalized noise resistance, specified as a scalar or vector.

Dependencies

To set this parameter, first select Spot noise data in Noise type.

`Automatically estimate impulse response duration` — Automatically estimate impulse response duration
`on` (default) | `off`

Select this parameter to automatically calculate impulse response for frequency dependent noises. Clear this parameter to manually specify the impulse response duration using Impulse response duration. You cannot specify impulse response when amplifier is nonlinear, as in this case noise is simulated as white-noise.

Dependencies

To set this parameter, first select Colored in Noise distribution.

`Impulse response duration` — Impulse response duration
`1e-10s` (default) | scalar

Impulse response duration used to simulate frequency dependent noise, specified as a scalar in seconds. You cannot specify impulse response if the amplifier is nonlinear.

Dependencies

To set this parameter, first clear Automatically estimate impulse response duration.

Modeling

`Modeling options` — Model S-parameters
`Time-domain (rationalfit)` (default) | `Frequency-domain`

Model S-parameters, specified as:

Time-domain (rationalfit) technique creates an analytical rational model that approximates the whole range of the data. When modeling using Time domain, the Plot in Visualization tab plots the data defined in Data Source and the values in the rationalfit function.
Frequency-domain computes the baseband impulse response for each carrier frequency independently. This technique is based on convolution. There is an option to specify the duration of the impulse response. For more information, see Compare Time and Frequency Domain Simulation Options for S-parameters.
For the Amplifier and S-parameters blocks, the default value is Time domain (rationalfit). For the Transmission Line block, the default value is Frequency domain.

Dependencies

To set this parameter, first select Data source in Source of amplifier gain. This selection activates the Modeling Tab which contains Modeling options

`Fitting options` — Rationalfit fitting options
`Fit individually` (default) | `Share poles by column` | `Share all poles`

Rationalfit fitting options, specified as Fit individually, Share poles by column, or Share all poles.

Rational fitting results shows values of Number of independent fits, Number of required poles, and Relative error achieved (dB).

Dependencies

To set this parameter, select Time domain (rationalfit) in Modeling options.

`Relative error desired (dB)` — Relative error acceptable for the rational fit
`-40` (default) | scalar

Relative error acceptable for the rational fit, specified as a scalar.

Dependencies

To set this parameter, select Time domain (rationalfit) in Modeling options.

`Automatically estimate impulse response duration` — Automatically calculate impulse response
`on` | `off`

Select this parameter to automatically calculate impulse response. Clear this parameter to manually specify the impulse response duration using Impulse response duration.

Dependencies

To set this parameter, select Frequency domain in Modeling options.

`Impulse response duration` — Impulse response duration
`1e-10` (default) | scalar

Impulse response duration, specified as a scalar.

Dependencies

To set this parameter, first select Frequency domain in Modeling options. Then, clear Automatically estimate impulse response duration.

`Use only S-parameter magnitude with appropriate delay` — Use only S-parameter magnitude with appropriate delay
`off` (default) | `on`

Select this parameter to s-parameter phase and delay the impulse response by half its length. This parameter is applicable only for S-parameter data modeled in time domain. You can use this to shape spectral content with filter effects by specifying only magnitude.

Note

This parameter introduces an artificial delay to the system.

Visualization

`Source of frequency data` — Frequency data source
`Extracted from data source` (default) | `User-defined`

Frequency data source, specified as:

When Source of frequency data is Extracted from data source, the Data source must be set to Data file. Verify that the specified Data file contains frequency data.

When Source of frequency data is User-specified, specify a vector of frequencies in the Frequency data parameter. Also, specify units from the corresponding drop-down list.

Dependencies

To set this parameter, first select Data source in Source of amplifier gain. This selection activates the Visualization Tab which contains Source of frequency data

`Frequency data` — Frequency data range
`[1e9:1e6:3e9]` (default) | vector | `Hz` | `kHz` | `MHz` | `GHz`

Frequency data range, specified as a vector

`Plot type` — Type of data plot
`X-Y plane` (default) | `Polar plane` | `Z Smith chart` | `Y Smith chart` | `ZY Smith chart`

Type of data plot that you want to produce with your data specified as one of the following:

X-Y plane — Generate a Cartesian plot of your data versus frequency. To create linear, semilog, or log-log plots, set the Y-axis scale and X-axis scale accordingly.
Polar plane — Generate a polar plot of your data. The block plots only the range of data corresponding to the specified frequencies.
Z smith chart, Y smith chart, and ZY smith chart — Generate a Smith^® chart. The block plots only the range of data corresponding to the specified frequencies.

`Parameter 1` — Type of S-Parameters to plot
`S11` (default) | `S12` | `S21` | `S22` | `NF`

Type of S-Parameters to plot, specified as S11, S12, S21, or S22. When noise is spectral NF plotting is possible.

`Parameter 2` — Type of S-Parameters to plot
`None` (default) | `S11` | `S12` | `S21` | `S22` | `NF`

Type of S-Parameters to plot, specified as S11, S12, S21, or S22. When noise is spectral NF plotting is possible.

`Format1` — Plot format
`Magnitude (decibels)` (default) | `Angle(degrees)` | `Real` | `Imaginary`

Plot format, specified as Magnitude (decibels), Angle(degrees), Real, or Imaginary.

`Format2` — Plot format
`Magnitude (decibels)` (default) | `Angle(degrees)` | `Real` | `Imaginary`

Plot format, specified as Magnitude (decibels), Angle(degrees), Real, or Imaginary.

`Y-axis scale` — Y-axis scale
`Linear` (default) | `Logarithmic`

Y-axis scale, specified as Linear or Logarithmic.

`X-axis scale` — X-axis scale
`Linear` (default) | `Logarithmic`

X-axis scale, specified as Linear or Logarithmic.

`Plot` — Plot specified data
button

Plot specified data using plot button.

Model Examples

Spot Noise Data in Amplifiers and Effects on Measured Noise Figure

A test bench model to describe the noise introduced by a 2-port device.

Validating IP2/IP3 Using Complex Signals

Use the RF Blockset™ Circuit Envelope library to run a two-tone experiment that measures the second- and third-order intercept points of an amplifier. The model computes the intercept points of the amplifier from the modulated signal power measured on each carrier, verifying the behavior of the RF Blockset system. These values are confirmed using the RF Budget Analyzer app and a measurement testbench.

Impact of Thermal Noise on Communication System Performance

Use the RF Blockset Circuit Envelope library to model the thermal noise of a super-heterodyne RF receiver and measure its effects on the bit error rate (BER) of a communications system. The RF receiver model does not include impedance mismatches or nonlinearities. A Communications Toolbox reference model with parameters computed using Friis equations is used to verify the results.

More About

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Noise Figure Data

Noise figure represents only a subset of the noise information (spot noise data) needed to fully describe the noise behavior of a two-port device. When only noise figure is specified, RF Blockset amplifier defines the spot noise parameters in the following manner:

$\begin{array}{l} N F_{\min} = N F (F_{\min} = 10^{N F / 10}) \\ R_{n} = Z_{0} \frac{F_{\min} - 1}{4}, Z_{0} \in R \\ Y_{o p t} = \frac{1}{Z_{0}} \end{array}$

Amplifier exhibits specified noise figure when source impedance is matched to the reference impedance ( $Z = Z_{0}, Z_{0} \in R$ ).

Spot Noise Data

Noise in RF Blockset amplifiers are represented as two correlated noise sources at the input port of a noiseless two-port:

The noise sources variance and correlation are governed by an ABCD-correlation matrix:

that is determined by measurable quantities:

$\begin{array}{l} C_{A} = 2 k T (\begin{matrix} R_{n} & \frac{N F_{\min} - 1}{2} - R_{n} Y_{o p t}^{*} \\ \frac{N F_{\min} - 1}{2} - R_{n} Y_{o p t} & R_{n} {| Y_{o p t} |}^{2} \end{matrix}) \end{array}$

NF_min - Minimum noise figure
R_n - Equivalent noise resistance
Y_opt - Optimal source admittance
k - Boltzman's constant
T - Noise temperature in Kelvin
.

The above quantities are specified in the amplifier from the noise data section in the .s2p file or directly as masked parameters in the noise pane. In both cases:

NF_min is specified in decibels
R_n is specified as equivalent normalized resistance, R_N (R_n = Z₀R_N).
Y_opt is specified in terms of optimal reflection coefficient, Γ_opt (Y_opt = Y₀(1-Γ_opt)/(1+Γ_opt)).

In the above, Z₀ = 1/Y₀ is the reference impedance that is real. If the Source of amplifier gain is Data source, the reference impedance is specified in the .s2p file or in the amplifier mask. Other wise the reference impedance is 50 ohms.

The noise factor, F, of the amplifier is affected by the noisy source impedance, Z_s, and is determined from the ABCD-correlation matrix:

$\begin{array}{l} F = 1 + \frac{z^{+} C_{A} z}{2 k T Re {Z_{S}}} \\ z = (\begin{array}{l} 1 \\ Z_{S}^{*} \end{array}) \end{array}$

The noise figure, NF, is obtained from the noise factor using, NF = 10log(F).

References

[1] Gonzalez, Guillermo. “Microwave Transistor Amplifiers: Analysis and Design”, Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1984.

[2] Grob, Siegfried and Juergen Lindner. “Polynomial Model Derivation of Nonlinear Amplifiers, Department of Information Technology, University of Ulm, Germany.

[3] Kundert, Ken. “Accurate and Rapid Measurement of IP ₂ and IP ₃”, The Designers Guide Community, Version 1b, May 22, 2002. http://www.designers-guide.org/analysis/intercept-point.pdf.

[4] Pozar, David M. “Microwave Engineering”, Hoboken NJ: John Wiley & Sons, 2005.

Documentation

Amplifier

Description

Parameters

Source of amplifier gain — Source parameter of the amplifier gain Available power gain (default) | Open circuit voltage gain | Data source | Polynomial coefficients

Available power gain — Available power gain 0 dB (default) | scalar

Dependencies

Open circuit voltage gain — Open circuit voltage gain 0 dB (default) | scalar

Dependencies

Data source — Data source Data File (default) | Network-parameters | Rational Model

Dependencies

Polynomial coefficients — Polynomial coefficients [0 1] (default) | vector

Dependencies

Network parameter type — Network parameter type S-parameters (default) | Y-parameters | Z-parameters

Dependencies

Input impedance (Ohm) — Input impedance 50 (default) | scalar

Dependencies

Output impedance (Ohm) — Output impedance 50 (default) | scalar

Dependencies

Data file — Name of network parameter data file simrfV2_unitygain.s2p (default) | character vector

Dependencies

Frequency (dB) — Frequency of network parameters 1e9 Hz (default) | scalar | Hz | kHz | MHz | GHz

Dependencies

Reference Impedance(Ohm) — Reference impedance of network parameters 50 (default) | scalar

Dependencies

Residues — Residues in order of rational model 0 (default) | vector

Dependencies

Poles — Residues in order of rational model 0 (default) | vector

Dependencies

Direct feedthrough — Direct feedthrough {0 0:1 0} (default) | array of vectors

Dependencies

Specify operation frequency — Specify operation frequency on (default) | off

Dependencies

Operation frequency — Operation frequency 0 (default) | scalar | vector

Dependencies

Ground and hide negative terminals — Ground RF circuit terminals on (default) | off

Nonlinear polynomial type — Type of nonlinearity Even and odd order (default) | Odd order

Intercept points convention — Intercept points convention Output (default) | Input

IP2 — Second-order intercept point infdBm (default) | scalar | W | mW | dBW | dBm

Dependencies

IP3 — Third-order intercept point infdBm (default) | scalar | W | mW | dBW | dBm

1-dB gain compression power — 1-dB gain compression power inf dBm (default) | scalar | W | mW | dBW | dBm

Dependencies

Output saturation power — Output saturation power inf dBm (default) | scalar | W | mW | dBW | dBm

Dependencies

Gain compression at saturation — Gain compression at saturation inf dBm (default) | scalar | W | mW | dBW | dBm

Dependencies

Specify operation frequency — Specify operation frequency on (default) | off

Dependencies

Operation frequency — Operation frequency 0 (default) | scalar | vector

Dependencies

Simulate noise — Simulate thermal noise on (default) | off

Noise type — Noise type Noise figure (default) | Spot noise data

Noise distribution — Noise distribution White (default) | Piece-wise linear | Colored

Noise figure (dB) — Noise figure 0 (default) | scalar

Frequencies — Frequency data 0Hz (default) | scalar | vector

Dependencies

Minimum noise figure (dB) — Minimum noise figure 0 (default) | scalar | vector

Dependencies

Optim reflection coefficient — Optim reflection coefficient 0 (default) | scalar | vector

Dependencies

Equivalent normalized noise resistance — Equivalent normalized noise resistance 0 (default) | scalar | vector

Dependencies

Automatically estimate impulse response duration — Automatically estimate impulse response duration on (default) | off

Dependencies

Impulse response duration — Impulse response duration 1e-10s (default) | scalar

Dependencies

Modeling options — Model S-parameters Time-domain (rationalfit) (default) | Frequency-domain

Dependencies

Fitting options — Rationalfit fitting options Fit individually (default) | Share poles by column | Share all poles

Dependencies

Relative error desired (dB) — Relative error acceptable for the rational fit -40 (default) | scalar

Dependencies

Automatically estimate impulse response duration — Automatically calculate impulse response on | off

Dependencies

Impulse response duration — Impulse response duration 1e-10 (default) | scalar

Dependencies

Use only S-parameter magnitude with appropriate delay — Use only S-parameter magnitude with appropriate delay off (default) | on

Source of frequency data — Frequency data source Extracted from data source (default) | User-defined

Dependencies

`Source of amplifier gain` — Source parameter of the amplifier gain
`Available power gain` (default) | `Open circuit voltage gain` | `Data source` | `Polynomial coefficients`

`Available power gain` — Available power gain
0 `dB` (default) | scalar

`Open circuit voltage gain` — Open circuit voltage gain
0 `dB` (default) | scalar

`Data source` — Data source
`Data File` (default) | `Network-parameters` | `Rational Model`

`Polynomial coefficients` — Polynomial coefficients
`[0 1]` (default) | vector

`Network parameter type` — Network parameter type
`S-parameters` (default) | `Y-parameters` | `Z-parameters`

`Input impedance (Ohm)` — Input impedance
`50` (default) | scalar

`Output impedance (Ohm)` — Output impedance
`50` (default) | scalar

`Data file` — Name of network parameter data file
`simrfV2_unitygain.s2p` (default) | character vector

`Frequency (dB)` — Frequency of network parameters
`1e9 Hz` (default) | scalar | `Hz` | `kHz` | `MHz` | `GHz`

`Reference Impedance(Ohm)` — Reference impedance of network parameters
`50` (default) | scalar

`Residues` — Residues in order of rational model
`0` (default) | vector

`Poles` — Residues in order of rational model
`0` (default) | vector

`Direct feedthrough` — Direct feedthrough
`{0 0:1 0}` (default) | array of vectors

`Specify operation frequency` — Specify operation frequency
`on` (default) | `off`

`Operation frequency` — Operation frequency
`0` (default) | scalar | vector

`Ground and hide negative terminals` — Ground RF circuit terminals
`on` (default) | `off`

`Nonlinear polynomial type` — Type of nonlinearity
`Even and odd order` (default) | `Odd order`

`Intercept points convention` — Intercept points convention
`Output` (default) | `Input`

`IP2` — Second-order intercept point
`infdBm` (default) | scalar | `W` | `mW` | `dBW` | `dBm`

`IP3` — Third-order intercept point
`infdBm` (default) | scalar | `W` | `mW` | `dBW` | `dBm`

`1-dB gain compression power` — 1-dB gain compression power
`inf dBm` (default) | scalar | `W` | `mW` | `dBW` | `dBm`

`Output saturation power` — Output saturation power
`inf dBm` (default) | scalar | `W` | `mW` | `dBW` | `dBm`

`Gain compression at saturation` — Gain compression at saturation
`inf dBm` (default) | scalar | `W` | `mW` | `dBW` | `dBm`

`Specify operation frequency` — Specify operation frequency
`on` (default) | `off`

`Operation frequency` — Operation frequency
`0` (default) | scalar | vector

`Simulate noise` — Simulate thermal noise
`on` (default) | `off`

`Noise type` — Noise type
`Noise figure` (default) | `Spot noise data`

`Noise distribution` — Noise distribution
`White` (default) | `Piece-wise linear` | `Colored`

`Noise figure (dB)` — Noise figure
0 (default) | scalar

`Frequencies` — Frequency data
`0Hz` (default) | scalar | vector

`Minimum noise figure (dB)` — Minimum noise figure
`0` (default) | scalar | vector

`Optim reflection coefficient` — Optim reflection coefficient
`0` (default) | scalar | vector

`Equivalent normalized noise resistance` — Equivalent normalized noise resistance
`0` (default) | scalar | vector

`Automatically estimate impulse response duration` — Automatically estimate impulse response duration
`on` (default) | `off`

`Impulse response duration` — Impulse response duration
`1e-10s` (default) | scalar

`Modeling options` — Model S-parameters
`Time-domain (rationalfit)` (default) | `Frequency-domain`

`Fitting options` — Rationalfit fitting options
`Fit individually` (default) | `Share poles by column` | `Share all poles`

`Relative error desired (dB)` — Relative error acceptable for the rational fit
`-40` (default) | scalar

`Automatically estimate impulse response duration` — Automatically calculate impulse response
`on` | `off`

`Impulse response duration` — Impulse response duration
`1e-10` (default) | scalar

`Use only S-parameter magnitude with appropriate delay` — Use only S-parameter magnitude with appropriate delay
`off` (default) | `on`

`Source of frequency data` — Frequency data source
`Extracted from data source` (default) | `User-defined`

`Frequency data` — Frequency data range
`[1e9:1e6:3e9]` (default) | vector | `Hz` | `kHz` | `MHz` | `GHz`

`Plot type` — Type of data plot
`X-Y plane` (default) | `Polar plane` | `Z Smith chart` | `Y Smith chart` | `ZY Smith chart`

`Parameter 1` — Type of S-Parameters to plot
`S11` (default) | `S12` | `S21` | `S22` | `NF`

`Parameter 2` — Type of S-Parameters to plot
`None` (default) | `S11` | `S12` | `S21` | `S22` | `NF`

`Format1` — Plot format
`Magnitude (decibels)` (default) | `Angle(degrees)` | `Real` | `Imaginary`

`Format2` — Plot format
`Magnitude (decibels)` (default) | `Angle(degrees)` | `Real` | `Imaginary`

`Y-axis scale` — Y-axis scale
`Linear` (default) | `Logarithmic`

`X-axis scale` — X-axis scale
`Linear` (default) | `Logarithmic`

`Plot` — Plot specified data
button