phased.IsotropicHydrophone

Isotropic hydrophone

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Description

The phased.IsotropicHydrophone System object™ creates an isotropic hydrophone for sonar applications. An isotropic hydrophone has the same response in all signal directions. The response is the output voltage of the hydrophone per unit sound pressure. The response of a hydrophone is also called its sensitivity. You can specify the response using the VoltageSensitivity property.

To compute the response of a hydrophone for specified directions:

  1. Define and set up an isotropic hydrophone System object. See Construction.

  2. Call step to compute the response according to the properties of phased.IsotropicHydrophone.

Note

Instead of using the step method to perform the operation defined by the System object, you can call the object with arguments, as if it were a function. For example, y = step(obj,x) and y = obj(x) perform equivalent operations.

Construction

hydrophone = phased.IsotropicHydrophone creates an isotropic hydrophone System object, hydrophone.

hydrophone = phased.IsotropicHydrophone(Name,Value) creates an isotropic hydrophone System object, with each specified property Name set to the specified Value. You can specify additional name-value pair arguments in any order as (Name1,Value1,...,NameN,ValueN).

Properties

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Operating frequency range of hydrophone, specified as a real-valued 1-by-2 row vector of the form [LowerBound HigherBound]. This property defines the frequency range over which the hydrophone has a response. The hydrophone element has zero response outside this frequency range. Units are in Hz.

Example: [0 1000]

Data Types: double

Voltage sensitivity of hydrophone, specified as a scalar or real-valued 1-by-K row vector. When you specify the voltage sensitivity as a scalar, that value applies to the entire frequency range specified by FrequencyRange. When you specify the voltage sensitivity as a vector, the frequency range is divided into K-1 equal intervals. The sensitivity values are assigned to the interval end points. The step method interpolates the voltage sensitivity for any frequency inside the frequency range. Units are in dB//1V/μPa. See Hydrophone Sensitivity for more details.

Example: 10

Data Types: double

Backbaffle hydrophone element, specified as false or true. Set this property to true to backbaffle the hydrophone. When the hydrophone is backbaffled, the hydrophone response for all azimuth angles beyond ±90° from broadside are zero. Broadside is defined as 0° azimuth and 0° elevation.

When the value of this property is false, the hydrophone is not backbaffled.

Methods

Specific to phased.IsotropicHydrophone Object
beamwidth

Compute and display beamwidth of sensor element pattern

directivity

Directivity of isotropic hydrophone

isPolarizationCapable

Polarization capability

pattern

Plot isotropic hydrophone directivity and patterns

patternAzimuth

Plot isotropic hydrophone directivity and response patterns versus azimuth

patternElevation

Plot isotropic hydrophone directivity and response patterns versus elevation

step

Voltage sensitivity of isotropic hydrophone

Common to All System Objects
release

Allow System object property value changes

Examples

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Open Live Script

Examine the response and patterns of an isotropic hydrophone operating between 1 kHz and 10 kHz.

Set up the hydrophone parameters. Obtain the voltage sensitivity at five different elevation angles: -30�, -15�, 0�, 15� and 30�. All elevation angles are at 0°. The sensitivities are computed at the signal frequency of 2 kHz.

hydrophone = phased.IsotropicHydrophone('FrequencyRange',[1 10]*1e3);
fc = 2e3;
resp = hydrophone(fc,[0 0 0 0 0;-30 -15 0 15 30]);

Draw a 3-D plot of the voltage sensitivity.

pattern(hydrophone,fc,[-180:180],[-90:90],'CoordinateSystem','polar', ...
    'Type','powerdb')

Open Live Script

Examine the response and patterns of an isotropic hydrophone at three different frequencies. The hydrophone operates between 1 kHz and 10 kHz. Specify the voltage sensitivity as a vector.

Set up the hydrophone parameters and obtain the voltage sensitivity at 45° azimuth and 30° elevation. Compute the sensitivities at the signal frequencies of 2, 5, and 7 kHz.

hydrophone = phased.IsotropicHydrophone('FrequencyRange',[1 10]*1e3, ...
    'VoltageSensitivity',[-100 -90 -100]);
fc = [2e3 5e3 7e3];
resp = hydrophone(fc,[45;30])
resp = 1×3

   14.8051   29.2202   24.4152

Draw a 2-D plot of the voltage sensitivity as a function of azimuth.

pattern(hydrophone,fc,[-180:180],0,'CoordinateSystem','rectangular',...
    'Type','power')

More About

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References

[1] Urick, R.J. Principles of Underwater Sound. 3rd Edition. New York: Peninsula Publishing, 1996.

[2] Sherman, C.S., and J.Butler. Transducers and Arrays for Underwater Sound. New York: Springer, 2007.

[3] Allen, J.B., and D. Berkely. “Image method for efficiently simulating small-room acoustics”, Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. Vol. 65, No. 4. April 1979, pp. 943–950.

[4] Van Trees, H. Optimum Array Processing. New York: Wiley-Interscience, 2002, pp. 274–304.

Extended Capabilities

See Also

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Topics

Introduced in R2017a

Phased Array System Toolbox Documentation

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