dsearchn

Nearest point search

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Syntax

k = dsearchn(P,PQ)
k = dsearchn(P,T,PQ)
k = dsearchn(P,T,PQ,outind)
[k,dist] = dsearchn(___)

Description

example

k = dsearchn(P,PQ) returns the indices of the closest points in P to the query points in PQ measured in Euclidean distance.

k = dsearchn(P,T,PQ) returns the indices of the closest points in P by using the Delaunay triangulation T, where T = delaunayn(P). Providing T can improve search performance when PQ contains a large number of points.

k = dsearchn(P,T,PQ,outind) returns the indices of the closest points in P, but assigns an index value of outind for query points that are outside of the convex hull of P. For example, desearchn(P,T,PQ,Inf) returns an index value of Inf for query points outside of the convex hull.

example

[k,dist] = dsearchn(___) also returns the distance from each point in P to the corresponding query point in PQ.

Examples

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Open Live Script

Create a matrix P of 2-D data points and a matrix PQ of 2-D query points. Find the nearest data point to each query point, and compute the corresponding distances.

rng default;
P = rand([10 2]);
PQ = [0.5 0.5; 0.1 0.7; 0.8 0.7];
[k,dist] = dsearchn(P,PQ);

Plot the data points and query points, and highlight the data point nearest to each query point.

plot(P(:,1),P(:,2),'ko')
hold on
plot(PQ(:,1),PQ(:,2),'*g')
hold on
plot(P(k,1),P(k,2),'*r')
legend('Data Points','Query Points','Nearest Points','Location','sw')

Display the distances.

dist
dist = 3×1

    0.2349
    0.2586
    0.1825

Input Arguments

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Points, specified as an m-by-n matrix containing m points of dimension n. For example, P = [0 0 0; 1 1 1] represents the 3-D coordinates for the points (0,0,0) and (1,1,1).

Query points, specified as an r-by-n matrix containing r points of dimension n. For example, the 2-by-3 matrix PQ = [-1 -1 -1; 2 2 2] represents the 3-D coordinates for the two query points (-1,-1,-1) and (2,2,2).

The number of columns in PQ must match the number of columns in P.

Delaunay triangulation, specified as a matrix returned by the delaunayn function.

Outside index value, specified as a scalar index value for query points outside of the convex hull.

If outval is specified as [], then the output k is equivalent to the syntax k = dsearchn(P,T,PQ).

Output Arguments

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Indices, returned as a column vector containing the indices of the data points closest to the query points. The length of k is equal to the number of query points.

Distance, returned as a column vector containing the Euclidean distances between each query point and the closest input point. The length of dist is equal to the number of query points.

Algorithms

dsearchn is based on Qhull [1]. For information about Qhull, see http://www.qhull.org/. For copyright information, see http://www.qhull.org/COPYING.txt.

References

[1] Barber, C.B., D.P. Dobkin, and H.T. Huhdanpaa. “The Quickhull Algorithm for Convex Hulls.” ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software, Vol. 22, No. 4, Dec. 1996, p 469–483.

See Also

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Introduced before R2006a

MATLAB Documentation

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