bandwidth

Lower and upper matrix bandwidth

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Syntax

B = bandwidth(A,type)
[lower,upper] = bandwidth(A)

Description

example

B = bandwidth(A,type) returns the bandwidth of matrix A specified by type. Specify type as 'lower' for the lower bandwidth, or 'upper' for the upper bandwidth.

example

[lower,upper] = bandwidth(A) returns the lower bandwidth, lower, and upper bandwidth, upper, of matrix A.

Examples

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Open Live Script

Create a 6-by-6 lower triangular matrix. 

A = tril(magic(6))
A = 6×6

    35     0     0     0     0     0
     3    32     0     0     0     0
    31     9     2     0     0     0
     8    28    33    17     0     0
    30     5    34    12    14     0
     4    36    29    13    18    11

Find the lower bandwidth of A by specifying type as 'lower'. The result is 5 since every diagonal below the main diagonal has nonzero elements.

B = bandwidth(A,'lower')
B = 5

Find the upper bandwidth of A by specifying type as 'upper'. The result is 0 since there are no nonzero elements above the main diagonal.

B = bandwidth(A,'upper')
B = 0
Open Live Script

Create a 100-by-100 sparse block matrix. 

B = kron(speye(25),ones(4));

View a 10-by-10 section of elements from the top left of B. 

full(B(1:10,1:10))
ans = 10×10

     1     1     1     1     0     0     0     0     0     0
     1     1     1     1     0     0     0     0     0     0
     1     1     1     1     0     0     0     0     0     0
     1     1     1     1     0     0     0     0     0     0
     0     0     0     0     1     1     1     1     0     0
     0     0     0     0     1     1     1     1     0     0
     0     0     0     0     1     1     1     1     0     0
     0     0     0     0     1     1     1     1     0     0
     0     0     0     0     0     0     0     0     1     1
     0     0     0     0     0     0     0     0     1     1

B has 4-by-4 blocks of ones centered on the main diagonal.

Find both the lower and upper bandwidths of B by specifying two output arguments.

[lower,upper] = bandwidth(B)
lower = 3

upper = 3

Input Arguments

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Input matrix, specified as a 2-D numeric matrix. A can be either full or sparse.

Data Types: single | double
Complex Number Support: Yes

Bandwidth type, specified as 'lower' or 'upper'.

  • Specify 'lower' for the lower bandwidth (below the main diagonal).

  • Specify 'upper' for the upper bandwidth (above the main diagonal).

Output Arguments

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Lower or upper bandwidth, returned as a nonnegative integer scalar.

  • If type is 'lower', then 0 ≤ B ≤ size(A,1)-1.

  • If type is 'upper', then 0 ≤ B ≤ size(A,2)-1.

Lower bandwidth, returned as a nonnegative integer scalar. lower is in the range 0 ≤ lower ≤ size(A,1)-1.

Upper bandwidth, returned as a nonnegative integer scalar. upper is in the range 0 ≤ upper ≤ size(A,2)-1.

More About

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Upper and Lower Bandwidth

The upper and lower bandwidths of a matrix are measured by finding the last diagonal (above or below the main diagonal, respectively) that contains nonzero values.

That is, for a matrix A with elements Aij:

  • The upper bandwidth B1 is the smallest number such that Aij=0 whenever j−i>B1.

  • The lower bandwidth B2 is the smallest number such that Aij=0 whenever i−j>B2.

Note that this measurement does not disallow intermediate diagonals in a band from being all zero, but instead focuses on the location of the last diagonal containing nonzeros. By convention, the upper and lower bandwidths of an empty matrix are both zero.

Tips

  • Use the isbanded function to test if a matrix is within a specific lower and upper bandwidth.

Extended Capabilities

See Also

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Introduced in R2014a

MATLAB Documentation

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