Documentation

Prerequisites

To complete this example, you must install the following products:

Create a New Folder and Copy Relevant Files

 The dti Function

function [y, clip_status] = dti(u_in) %#codegen
% Discrete Time Integrator in MATLAB
%  
% Forward Euler method, also known as Forward Rectangular, or left-hand
% approximation.  The resulting expression for the output of the block at
% step 'n' is y(n) = y(n-1) + K * u(n-1)
%
init_val = 1;  
gain_val = 1;
limit_upper = 500;
limit_lower = -500;

% variable to hold state between consecutive calls to this block
persistent u_state
if isempty(u_state)
    u_state = init_val+1;
end 

% Compute Output
if (u_state > limit_upper)
    y = limit_upper;
    clip_status = -2;
elseif (u_state >= limit_upper)
    y = limit_upper;
    clip_status = -1;
elseif (u_state < limit_lower)
	y = limit_lower;
    clip_status = 2;
elseif (u_state <= limit_lower)
	y = limit_lower;
    clip_status = 1;   
else        
    y = u_state;
    clip_status = 0;
end

% Update State
tprod = gain_val * u_in;
u_state = y + tprod;

function b = subFunction(a)
b = a*a;

 The dti_test Function

% dti_test
% cleanup
clear dti

% input signal
x_in = sin(2.*pi.*(0:0.001:2)).';

pause(10)

len = length(x_in);
y_out = zeros(1,len);
is_clipped_out = zeros(1,len);

for ii=1:len
    data = x_in(ii);
    % call to the dti function
    init_val = 0;
    gain_val = 1;
    upper_limit = 500;
    lower_limit = -500;
    
    % call to the design that does DTI
    [y_out(ii), is_clipped_out(ii)] = dti(data);
    
end

figure('Name', [mfilename, '_plot'])
subplot(2,1,1)
plot(1:len,x_in)
xlabel('Time')
ylabel('Amplitude')
title('Input Signal (Sin)')

subplot(2,1,2)
plot(1:len,y_out)
xlabel('Time')
ylabel('Amplitude')
title('Output Signal (DTI)')

disp('Test complete.')

Set Up the Fixed-Point Configuration Object

Create a fixed-point configuration object and configure the test file name.

fixptcfg = coder.config('fixpt');
fixptcfg.TestBenchName = 'dti_test';

Specify Design Ranges

Specify design range information for the dti function input parameter u_in.

fixptcfg.addDesignRangeSpecification('dti', 'u_in', -1.0, 1.0)

Enable Plotting Using the Simulation Data Inspector

Select to run the test file to verify the generated fixed-point MATLAB code. Log inputs and outputs for comparison plotting and select to use the Simulation Data Inspector to plot the results.

fixptcfg.TestNumerics = true;
fixptcfg.LogIOForComparisonPlotting = true;
fixptcfg.PlotWithSimulationDataInspector = true;

Set Up the C Code Generation Configuration Object

Create a code configuration object to generate a C static library. Enable the code generation report.

cfg = coder.config('lib');
cfg.GenerateReport = true;

Derive Ranges and Generate Fixed-Point Code

Use the codegen function to convert the floating-point MATLAB function, dti, to fixed-point C code. Set the default word length for the fixed-point data types to 16.

fixptcfg.ComputeDerivedRanges = true;
fixptcfg.ComputeSimulationRanges = false;
fixptcfg.DefaultWordLength = 16;

% Derive ranges  and generate fixed-point code
codegen -float2fixed fixptcfg -config cfg dti

codegen analyzes the floating-point code. Because you did not specify the input types for the dti function, the conversion process infers types by simulating the test file. The conversion process then derives ranges for variables in the algorithm. It uses these derived ranges to propose fixed-point types for these variables. When the conversion is complete, it generates a type proposal report.

View Derived Range Information

Click the link to the type proposal report for the dti function, dti_report.html.

The report opens in a web browser.

View Generated Fixed-Point MATLAB Code

codegen generates a fixed-point version of the dti function, dti_fxpt.m, and a wrapper function that calls dti_fxpt. These files are generated in the codegen\dti\fixpt folder in your local working folder.

function [y, clip_status] = dti_fixpt(u_in) %#codegen
% Discrete Time Integrator in MATLAB
%  
% Forward Euler method, also known as Forward Rectangular, or left-hand
% approximation.  The resulting expression for the output of the block at
% step 'n' is y(n) = y(n-1) + K * u(n-1)
%
fm = get_fimath();

init_val = fi(1, 0, 1, 0, fm);  
gain_val = fi(1, 0, 1, 0, fm);
limit_upper = fi(500, 0, 9, 0, fm);
limit_lower = fi(-500, 1, 10, 0, fm);

% variable to hold state between consecutive calls to this block
persistent u_state;
if isempty(u_state)
    u_state = fi(init_val+fi(1, 0, 1, 0, fm), 1, 16, 6, fm);
end 

% Compute Output
if (u_state > limit_upper)
    y = fi(limit_upper, 1, 16, 6, fm);
    clip_status = fi(-2, 1, 16, 13, fm);
elseif (u_state >= limit_upper)
    y = fi(limit_upper, 1, 16, 6, fm);
    clip_status = fi(-1, 1, 16, 13, fm);
elseif (u_state < limit_lower)
	y = fi(limit_lower, 1, 16, 6, fm);
    clip_status = fi(2, 1, 16, 13, fm);
elseif (u_state <= limit_lower)
	y = fi(limit_lower, 1, 16, 6, fm);
    clip_status = fi(1, 1, 16, 13, fm);   
else        
    y = fi(u_state, 1, 16, 6, fm);
    clip_status = fi(0, 1, 16, 13, fm);
end

% Update State
tprod = fi(gain_val * u_in, 1, 16, 14, fm);
u_state(:) = y + tprod;
end


function fm = get_fimath()
	fm = fimath('RoundingMethod', 'Floor', 'OverflowAction', 'Wrap', 'ProductMode', 'FullPrecision', 'MaxProductWordLength', 128, 'SumMode', 'FullPrecision', 'MaxSumWordLength', 128);
end

Compare Floating-Point and Fixed-Point Runs

Because you selected to log inputs and outputs for comparison plots and to use the Simulation Data Inspector for these plots, the Simulation Data Inspector opens.

You can use the Simulation Data Inspector to view floating-point and fixed-point run information and compare results. For example, to compare the floating-point and fixed-point values for the output y, on the Compare tab, select y, and then click Compare Runs.

The Simulation Data Inspector displays a plot of the baseline floating-point run against the fixed-point run and the difference between them.

View Generated Fixed-Point C Code

To view the code generation report for the C code generation, click the View Report link that follows the type proposal report.

The code generation report opens and displays the generated code for dti_fixpt.c.