quantiz

Produce quantization index and quantized output value

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Syntax

index = quantiz(sig,partition)
[index,quants] = quantiz(sig,partition,codebook)
[index,quants,distor] = quantiz(sig,partition,codebook)

Description

index = quantiz(sig,partition) returns the quantization levels of input signal sig by using the scalar quantization partition specified in input partition.

example

[index,quants] = quantiz(sig,partition,codebook) specifies codebook, which prescribes a value for each partition in the scalar quantization. codebook is a vector whose length must exceed the length of partition by one. The function also returns quants, which contains the scalar quantization of sig and depends on the quantization levels and prescribed values in the codebook.

example

[index,quants,distor] = quantiz(sig,partition,codebook) returns an estimate of the mean square distortion of the quantization data.

Examples

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Open Live Script

Generate sample data.

samp = [-2.4, -1, -0.2, 0, 0.2, 1, 1.2, 2, 2.9, 3, 3.5, 5]
samp = 1×12

   -2.4000   -1.0000   -0.2000         0    0.2000    1.0000    1.2000    2.0000    2.9000    3.0000    3.5000    5.0000

Create the quantization partition. To specify a partition, list the distinct endpoints of the different ranges of values.

partition = [0, 1, 3];

Specify the codebook values.

codebook = [-1, 0.5, 2, 3]; % Codebook length must be equal to the number of partition intervals

Perform quantization on the sampled data. Display the quantization index and the corresponding quantized output value of the input data.

[index,quantized] = quantiz(samp,partition,codebook)
index = 1×12

     0     0     0     0     1     1     2     2     2     2     3     3


quantized = 1×12

   -1.0000   -1.0000   -1.0000   -1.0000    0.5000    0.5000    2.0000    2.0000    2.0000    2.0000    3.0000    3.0000
Open Live Script

Generate a sampled sine wave.

t = [0:.1:2*pi];
sig = sin(t);

Create the quantization partition. To specify a partition, list the distinct endpoints of the different ranges of values.

partition = [-1:.2:1];

Specify the codebook values.

codebook = [-1.2:.2:1]; % Codebook length must be equal to the number of partition intervals

Perform quantization on the sampled sine wave.

[index,quants] = quantiz(sig,partition,codebook);

Plot the quantized sine wave and the sampled sine wave.

plot(t,sig,'x',t,quants,'.')
title('Quantization of sine wave')
xlabel('Time')
ylabel('Amplitude')
legend('Original sampled sine wave','Quantized sine wave');
axis([-.2 7 -1.2 1.2])

Input Arguments

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Input signal, specified as a vector. This input specifies the sampled signal for this function to perform quantization.

Data Types: double

Distinct endpoints of different ranges, specified as a row vector. This input defines several contiguous, nonoverlapping ranges of values within the set of real numbers. The values present in this input must be strictly in ascending order. The length of this vector must be one less than the number of partition intervals.

Example: [0, 1, 3] partitions the input row vector into the four sets {X: X ≤ 0}, {X: 0 < X ≤ 1}, {X: 1 < X ≤ 3}, and {X: 3 < X}.

Data Types: double

Quantization value for each partition, specified as a row vector. This input prescribes a common value for each partition in the scalar quantization. The length of this vector must equal the number of partition intervals, that is, the length of this vector must exceed the length of the partition input by one.

Data Types: double

Output Arguments

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Quantization index of the input signal, returned as a nonnegative row vector. This output determines on which partition interval, each input value is mapped. Each element in index is one of the N integers in the range [0, N–1].

If the partition input has length N, index is a vector whose Kth entry is:

  • 0 if sig(K) ≤ partition(1)

  • M if partition(M) < sig(K) ≤ partition(M+1)

  • N if partition(N) ≤ sig(K)

Output of the quantizer, which contains the quantization values of the input signal, returned as a row vector. The size of quants matches that of input argument sig. When codebook is not specified as an input argument, you can define the codebook values as a vector whose length must exceed the length of the partition by one.

quants is calculated based on the codebook and index inputs and is given by quants(i) = codebook(index(i) + 1), where i is an integer between 1 and the length of sig.

Mean square distortion of the quantized signal, returned as a positive scalar. You can reduce this distortion by choosing appropriate partition and codebook values. For more information on optimizing partition and codebook values, see the lloyds function.

See Also

Functions

Introduced before R2006a

Communications Toolbox Documentation

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