hypercube

Read hyperspectral data

expand all in page

    Description

    The hypercube function reads hyperspectral data and returns an hypercube object. The object contains the hyperspectral data cube and its related properties. Use the object functions to remove or select a desired hyperspectral band, assign new pixels values, generate colored image, and write hyperspectral data to the ENVI (environment for visualizing images) file format.

    Creation

    Syntax

    hcube = hypercube(filename)
    hcube = hypercube(enviImg,enviHdr)
    hcube = hypercube(___,wavelength)
    hcube = hypercube(tifFile,wavelength)
    hcube = hypercube(image,wavelength)

    Description

    example

    hcube = hypercube(filename) reads hyperspectral data from the specified input file filename. The input file can be a national imagery transmission format (NITF) file, ENVI header or image file, or metadata text extension (MTL) file that contains satellite data from earth observing (EO) satellites.

    • EO-1 Hyperion

    • EO-1 Advanced Land Imager (EO-1 ALI)

    • Landsat Multispectral Scanner (Landsat MSS)

    • Landsat Thematic Mapper (Landsat TM)

    • Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (Landsat ETM+)

    • Landsat Operational Land Imager / Thermal Infrared Scanner (Landsat OLI / TIRS)

    Note

    The hypercube function reads satellite data that are stored in georeferenced tagged image file format (GeoTIFF).

    example

    hcube = hypercube(enviImg,enviHdr) reads hyperspectral data from the ENVI binary data file enviImg. The function uses the metadata in the ENVI header file enviHdr to interpret the data from enviImg.

    example

    hcube = hypercube(___,wavelength) specifies the wavelength for each spectral band in the input data and sets the Wavelength property of the output hypercube object.

    hcube = hypercube(tifFile,wavelength) reads hyperspectral data from a tagged image file format (TIFF) file tifFile.

    example

    hcube = hypercube(image,wavelength) creates a hypercube object from the hyperspectral data cube image and the specified center wavelength values wavelength.

    Note

    This function requires the Image Processing Toolbox™ Hyperspectral Imaging Library. You can install the Image Processing Toolbox Hyperspectral Imaging Library from Add-On Explorer. For more information about installing add-ons, see Get and Manage Add-Ons.

    Input Arguments

    expand all

    Input file name, specified as a character vector or string scalar. The input file name must be one of these file types.

    File FormatExtensionsAdditional Requirements
    NITF files

    .ntf

    .nsf

    		None
    GeoTIFF metadata files from EO satellites.txtFile name must end with suffix "MTL".

    ENVI image files

    ENVI header files

    .dat

    .hdr

    		Image and header file must be in the same folder and have the same file name.

    Data Types: char | string

    ENVI image file name, specified as a character vector or string scalar. The input file must be a flat binary raster file with the .dat file extension. The binary data must be in band sequential (BSQ), band-interleaved-by-pixel (BIP), or band-interleaved-by-line (BIL) format.

    Data Types: char | string

    ENVI header file name, specified as a character vector or string scalar. The header file contains the metadata for the ENVI image file enviImg and has the extension .hdr.

    Data Types: char | string

    Center wavelength values of each spectral band, specified as C-element vector. C is the spectral dimension, defined as the number of spectral bands, of the input hyperspectral data.

    Data Types: single | double | int8 | int16 | int32 | int64 | uint8 | uint16 | uint32 | uint64

    TIFF file name, specified as a character vector or string scalar. The file name must include the extension .tiff or .tif.

    Data Types: char | string

    Input hyperspectral data, specified as a 3-D numeric array of size M-by-N-by-C. M and N are the number of rows and columns in the hyperspectral data, respectively. C is the number of spectral bands in the hyperspectral data.

    Data Types: single | double | int8 | int16 | int32 | int64 | uint8 | uint16 | uint32 | uint64

    Properties

    expand all

    This property is read-only.

    Hyperspectral data cube, stored as a 3-D numeric array of size M-by-N-by-C. The data cube stores the hyperspectral data read from a file or numeric array as an array of 2-D monochromatic images. C is the number of images or spectral bands, M and N are the spatial resolution of the images in pixels. The data cube is of the same size and data type as the input data.

    Data Types: single | double | int8 | int16 | int32 | int64 | uint8 | uint16 | uint32 | uint64

    This property is read-only.

    Center wavelength values of each spectral band, specified as a C-element vector. C is the spectral dimension, defined as the number of spectral bands, of the input hyperspectral data. You can set this property by using wavelength input argument.

    Data Types: single | double | int8 | int16 | int32 | int64 | uint8 | uint16 | uint32 | uint64

    This property is read-only.

    Metadata of hyperspectral data, stored as a structure array with these fields as defaults.

    FieldDescription
    HeightHeight of the image or number of rows in the data cube, specified as a positive integer
    WidthWidth of the image or number of columns in the data cube, specified as a positive integer
    BandsNumber of spectral bands comprising the data cube, specified as a positive integer
    DataType

    Data type of data, specified as any of these values:

    • "single"

    • "double"

    • "uint8"

    • "uint16"

    • "int16"

    • "uint32"

    • "int32"

    • "uint64"

    • "int64"

    Interleave

    Data interleave, specified as any one of these values:

    • "bsq" — Band-sequential

    • "bil" — Band-interleaved-by-line

    • "bip" — Band-interleaved-by-pixel

    HeaderOffset

    Zero-based location of the first element in the image file, specified as a positive integer

    The header offset represents the number of bytes from the beginning of the image file to the start of the image data. The default value is 0.

    ByteOrderEndianness of the data, specified as the string "ieee-le" for little endian or "ieee-be" for big endian.
    WavelengthUnitsUnits for the wavelengths of spectral bands, specified as a string. The default value is "Nanometers".

    Data Types: struct

    Object Functions

    assignDataAssign new data to hyperspectral data cube
    cropDataCrop regions-of-interest
    enviwriteWrite hyperspectral data to ENVI file format
    selectBandsSelect most informative bands
    removeBandsRemove spectral bands from data cube
    colorizeEstimate color image of hyperspectral data

    Examples

    collapse all

    Open Live Script

    Read hyperspectral data stored in the ENVI format into the workspace. Create a hypercube object by specifying an ENVI data file and the associated ENVI header file. 

    hcube = hypercube('paviaU.dat','paviaU.hdr');

    Display the properties of the hypercube object.

    hcube
    hcube = 
  hypercube with properties:

      DataCube: [610×340×103 double]
    Wavelength: [103×1 double]
      Metadata: [1×1 struct]

    Estimate an RGB image from the hyperspectral data by using the colorize function. Visualize the RGB image. 

    rgbImg = colorize(hcube,'Method','RGB');
figure
imagesc(rgbImg)
title('RGB Image of Data Cube')

    Inspect the metadata of the hypercube object.

    hcube.Metadata
    ans = struct with fields:
             Filename: "Y:\jobarchive\Bspkg20b\2020_06_16_h06m34s27_job1406120_pass\matlab\toolbox\images\supportpackages\hyperspectral\hyperdata\paviaU.hdr"
          FileModDate: "25-Feb-2020 14:29:34"
             FileSize: 654
               Format: "HDR"
        FormatVersion: ''
           SensorType: [0×0 string]
          Description: [0×0 string]
      AcquisitionTime: [0×0 string]
         RasterFormat: "ENVI"
               Height: 610
                Width: 340
                Bands: 103
             DataType: "double"
           Interleave: "bsq"
         HeaderOffset: 0
            ByteOrder: "ieee-le"
            BandNames: [0×0 string]
                 FWHM: []
                 Gain: []
               Offset: []
      ReflectanceGain: []
    ReflectanceOffset: []
             BadBands: []
           CloudCover: []
           SunAzimuth: []
         SunElevation: []
    Open Live Script

    Read ENVI format data into the workspace by specifying a header file that contains information about hyperspectral data. The associated ENVI binary data file must be stored in the same folder as the ENVI header file.

    hcube = hypercube('paviaU.hdr');

    Display the properties of the hypercube object.

    hcube
    hcube = 
  hypercube with properties:

      DataCube: [610×340×103 double]
    Wavelength: [103×1 double]
      Metadata: [1×1 struct]

    Estimate an RGB image from the data cube by using the colorize function. Increase the contrast of the RGB image using contrast stretching. Visualize the RGB image. 

    rgbImg = colorize(hcube,'Method','RGB','ContrastStretching',true);
figure
imagesc(rgbImg)
title('RGB Image of Data Cube')

    Assign new center wavelength values for the hyperspectral data. The number of wavelength values must be equal to the number of bands in the hyperspectral data cube. Each wavelength value must be unique values.

    minWavelength = 500;
maxWavelength = 1010;
newWavelength = minWavelength:5:maxWavelength;

    Create a new hypercube object with the new wavelength values.

    newhcube = hypercube('paviaU.hdr',newWavelength);

    Plot the old and the new wavelength values. Display the wavelength range.

    figure
plot(hcube.Wavelength,'o')
hold on
plot(newhcube.Wavelength,'or')
xlabel('Band Number')
ylabel('Wavelength')
str1 = ['Original wavelength range: ' num2str(min(hcube.Wavelength))  'nm to ' num2str(max(hcube.Wavelength)) 'nm'];
text(5,1075,str1)
str2 = ['New wavelength range: ' num2str(min(newhcube.Wavelength))  'nm to ' num2str(max(newhcube.Wavelength)) 'nm'];
text(5,1035,str2)
legend('Original Values','New Values','Location','SouthEast')

    Open Live Script

    Read an RGB image into the workspace. An RGB image contains three spectral channels: red, green, and blue channels.

    image = imread('peppers.png');

    Specify the center wavelength values for the red, green, and blue channels as 700, 530, and 470 nanometers (nm) respectively.

    wavelength = [700 530 470];

    Create a hypercube object using the image and the wavelength values. 

    hcube = hypercube(image,wavelength)
    hcube = 
  hypercube with properties:

      DataCube: [384×512×3 uint8]
    Wavelength: [3×1 double]
      Metadata: [1×1 struct]

    See Also

    | | | | | | | | | | | |

    Introduced in R2020a

    Image Processing Toolbox Documentation

    Support