loss

Regression error for Gaussian process regression model

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Syntax

L = loss(gprMdl,Xnew,Ynew)
L = loss(gprMdl,Xnew,Ynew,Name,Value)

Description

L = loss(gprMdl,Xnew,Ynew) returns the mean squared error for the Gaussian process regression (GPR) model gpr, using the predictors in Xnew and observed response in Ynew.

L = loss(gprMdl,Xnew,Ynew,Name,Value) returns the mean squared error for the GPR model, gpr, with additional options specified by one or more Name,Value pair arguments. For example, you can specify a custom loss function or the observation weights.

Input Arguments

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Gaussian process regression model, specified as a RegressionGP (full) or CompactRegressionGP (compact) object.

New data, specified as a table or an n-by-d matrix, where m is the number of observations, and d is the number of predictor variables in the training data.

If you trained gprMdl on a table, then Xnew must be a table that contains all the predictor variables used to train gprMdl.

If Xnew is a table, then it can also contain Ynew. And if it does, then you do not have to specify Ynew.

If you trained gprMdl on a matrix, then Xnew must be a numeric matrix with d columns, and can only contain values for the predictor variables.

Data Types: single | double | table

New observed response values, that correspond to the predictor values in Xnew, specified as an n-by-1 vector. n is the number of rows in Xnew. Each entry in Ynew is the observed response based on the predictor data in the corresponding row of Xnew.

If Xnew is a table containing new response values, you do not have to specify Ynew.

Data Types: single | double

Name-Value Pair Arguments

Specify optional comma-separated pairs of Name,Value arguments. Name is the argument name and Value is the corresponding value. Name must appear inside quotes. You can specify several name and value pair arguments in any order as Name1,Value1,...,NameN,ValueN.

Loss function, specified as 'mse' (mean squared error) or a function handle.

If you pass a function handle, say fun, loss calls it as shown below: fun(Y,Ypred,W), where Y, Ypred and W are numeric vectors of length n, and n is the number of rows in Xnew. Y is the observed response, Ypred is the predicted response, and W is the observation weights.

Example: 'lossfun',Fct calls the loss function Fct.

Data Types: char | string | function_handle

Observation weights, specified as n-by-1 vector, where n is the number of rows in Xnew. By default, the weight of each observation is 1.

Example: 'weights',W uses the observation weights in vector W.

Data Types: double | single

Output Arguments

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Regression error for the trained Gaussian process regression model, gprMdl, returned as a scalar value.

Examples

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Open Live Script

Load the sample data. 

load('gprdata.mat')

The data has 8 predictor variables and contains 500 observations in training data and 100 observations in test data. This is simulated data.

Fit a GPR model using the squared exponential kernel function with separate length scales for each predictor. Standardize the predictor values in the training data. Use the exact method for fitting and prediction. 

gprMdl = fitrgp(Xtrain,ytrain,'FitMethod','exact',...
'PredictMethod','exact','KernelFunction','ardsquaredexponential',...
'Standardize',1);

Compute the regression error for the test data. 

L = loss(gprMdl,Xtest,ytest)
L = 0.6928

Predict the responses for test data. 

ypredtest = predict(gprMdl,Xtest);

Plot the test response along with the predictions. 

figure;
plot(ytest,'r');
hold on;
plot(ypredtest,'b');
legend('Data','Predictions','Location','Best');

Manually compute the regression loss. 

L = (ytest - ypredtest)'*(ytest - ypredtest)/length(ytest)
L = 0.6928
Open Live Script

Load the sample data and store in a table. 

load fisheriris
tbl = table(meas(:,1),meas(:,2),meas(:,3),meas(:,4),species,...
'VariableNames',{'meas1','meas2','meas3','meas4','species'});

Fit a GPR model using the first measurement as the response and the other variables as the predictors. 

mdl = fitrgp(tbl,'meas1');

Predict the responses using the trained model. 

ypred = predict(mdl,tbl);

Compute the mean absolute error. 

n = height(tbl);
y = tbl.meas1;
fun = @(y,ypred,w) sum(abs(y-ypred))/n;
L = loss(mdl,tbl,'lossfun',fun)
L = 0.2345

Alternatives

You can use resubLoss to compute the regression error for the trained GPR model at the observations in the training data.

Extended Capabilities

See Also

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Introduced in R2015b

Statistics and Machine Learning Toolbox Documentation

Support