Two-Winding Transformer (Three-Phase)

Three-phase linear nonideal wye- and delta-configurable two-winding transformer with saturation capability

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  • Two-Winding Transformer (Three-Phase) block

Description

The Two-Winding Transformer (Three-Phase) block represents a linear nonideal three-phase two-winding transformer that transfers electrical energy between two or more circuits through electromagnetic induction. The block includes linear winding leakage and linear core magnetization effects. You can parameterize the block impedance using per-unit values. The primary and secondary winding types, delta-wye phase angle, and core types are configurable.

The configuration options for both the primary and secondary windings are:

  • Wye with floating neutral — Star or T configuration with Floating Neutral (Three-Phase)

  • Wye with neutral port — Star or T configuration with Neutral Port (Three-Phase)

  • Wye with grounded neutral — Star or T configuration with Grounded Neutral (Three-Phase)

  • Delta 1 o'clock — Mesh configuration with a lagging 30 degree phase shift relative to the voltage of a connected wye configuration

  • Delta 11 o'clock — Mesh configuration with leading 30 degree phase shift relative to the voltage of a connected wye configuration

Options for the core type are:

  • Three-phase five-limb

  • Three-phase three-limb

Although a three-limb core is typically less expensive, a five-limb core offers these advantages:

  • Lower impedance for the zero-sequence component of current, that is between the line and neutral, in the case of an unbalanced load

  • Greater heat dissipation

Equations

Three-Limb Core

This block is implemented in the magnetic domain using basic magnetic reluctances, windings, and eddy currents blocks.

It is important to determine the relation between the electrical domain parameters from the block mask and the magnetic domain parameters used in the model:

  • n1 is the number of the primary winding turns.

  • n2 is the number of the secondary winding turns.

  • Lm is the shunt magnetizing inductance.

  • L0 is the zero-sequence inductance.

  • Lp is the primary winding leakage inductance.

  • Ls is the secondary winding leakage inductance.

  • Rm is the shunt magnetizing resistance.

  • R is the magnetizing reluctance between phases.

    R=n12Lm

  • R0 is the zero sequence reluctance.

    R0=13n12L0−Lp

  • Rl1 is the primary winding leakage reluctance.

    Rl1=n12Lp

  • Rl2 is the secondary winding leakage reluctance.

    Rl2=n22Ls

  • Leddy is the conductance of eddy current loop

    Leddy=n12Rm

For two-winding transformers (three-phase), the coupling between different windings in each phase is identical.

Five-Limb Core

In the case of a five-limb transformer, the extra magnetic flux paths provided by the extra limbs can be represented by zero sequence reluctances, which are originally designed for magnetic paths through the air in the three-limb transformer.

In a five-limb model, the magnetic reluctances from the phases to the extra limbs are supposed to be equal to the magnetic reluctances between phases.

R=R0

Therefore we deduce:

R=R0=n12Lm

Display Options

You can display the transformer per-unit base values in the MATLAB® command window using the block context menu. To display the values, right-click the block and select Electrical > Display Base Values.

Variables

Use the Variables settings to specify the priority and initial target values for the block variables before simulation. For more information, see Set Priority and Initial Target for Block Variables.

Ports

Conserving

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Expandable three-phase electrical conserving port associated with the three-phase, [a1 b1 c1], voltage of winding 1.

Electrical conserving port associated with the primary winding neutral point.

Dependencies

This port is only visible when the Main parameter Winding 1 connection type is set to Wye with neutral port.

Expandable three-phase electrical conserving port associated with the three-phase, [a2 b2 c2], voltage of the first secondary winding.

Electrical conserving port associated with the first secondary winding neutral point.

Dependencies

This port is only visible when the Main parameter Winding 2 connection type is set to Wye with neutral port.

Parameters

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Main

Apparent power flowing through the transformer when operating at rated capacity. The value must be greater than 0.

Rated or nominal frequency of the AC network to which the transformer is connected. The value must be greater than 0.

Primary winding type.

RMS line voltage applied to the primary winding under normal operating conditions. The value must be greater than 0.

Secondary winding type.

RMS line voltage applied to the secondary winding under normal operating conditions. The value must be greater than 0.

Impedances

Number of limbs that comprise the magnetic circuit.

Per-unit power loss in the primary winding. The value must be greater than 0.

Per-unit magnetic flux loss in the primary winding. The value must be greater than 0.

Per-unit power loss in the secondary winding. The value must be greater than 0.

Per-unit magnetic flux loss in the secondary winding. The value must be greater than 0.

Per-unit magnetic losses in the transformer core. The value must be greater than 0.

Choose if and how you want to represent the magnetic saturation.

Per unit vector of currents. The first value must be 0. This parameter must be strictly ascending.

Dependencies

This parameter is visible only when you set the Magnetic saturation representation parameter to Lookup table (phi versus i).

Per unit vector of magnetic flux. The first value must be 0. This parameter must be strictly ascending.

Dependencies

This parameter is visible only when you set the Magnetic saturation representation parameter to Lookup table (phi versus i).

Per-unit magnetic effects of the transformer core when operating in its linear region. The value must be greater than 0.

Dependencies

This parameter is visible only when you set the Magnetic saturation representation parameter to None.

Per-unit zero sequence reactance. The value must be greater than or equal to the primary winding magnetic flux loss.

Dependencies

This parameter is only visible when Core type, a Main parameter, is set to Three-phase three-limb.

Model Examples

Three-Phase Asynchronous Drive with Sensor Control

Three-Phase Asynchronous Drive with Sensor Control

Control and analyze the operation of an Asynchronous Machine (ASM) using sensored rotor field-oriented control. The model shows the main electrical circuit, with three additional subsystems containing the controls, measurements, and scopes. The Controls subsystem contains two controllers: one for the Grid-Side Converter (AC/DC) and one for the Machine-Side Converter (DC/AC). The Scopes subsystem contains two time scopes: one for the Grid-Side Converter and one for the ASM. When the model is executed, a Spectrum Analyzer opens and displays frequency data for the A-Phase Supply Current.

Three-Phase Asynchronous Drive with Sensorless Control

Three-Phase Asynchronous Drive with Sensorless Control

Control and analyze the operation of an Asynchronous Machine (ASM) using sensorless rotor field-oriented control. The model shows the main electrical circuit, with three additional subsystems containing the controls, measurements, and scopes. The Controls subsystem contains two controllers: one for the Grid-Side Converter (AC/DC) and one for the Machine-Side Converter (DC/AC). The Scopes subsystem contains two time scopes: one for the Grid-Side Converter and one for the ASM. When the model is executed, a Spectrum Analyzer opens and displays frequency data for the A-Phase Supply Current.

Three-Phase Bridge Cycloconverter

Three-Phase Bridge Cycloconverter

A three-phase bridge cycloconverter. The cycloconverter consists of 36 thyristors and has the capacity to lower the frequency of the input voltage. The Control subsystem implements the cycloconverter RMS voltage control. It also provides pulse generation for the firing of the thyristors. The Visualization subsystem contains scopes that allow you to see the simulation results. The simulation time, t, is 1 second. The load increases when Load1 switches on at t = 0.75 seconds.

Extended Capabilities

C/C++ Code Generation
Generate C and C++ code using Simulink® Coder™.

See Also

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Introduced in R2019a

Simscape Electrical Documentation

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