Simulate an active monostatic sonar scenario with two targets. The sonar system consists of an isotropic projector array and a single hydrophone element. The projector array is spherical in shape. The backscattered signals are received by the hydrophone. The received signals includes both direct and multipath contributions.

Simulate a passive sonar system. A stationary underwater acoustic beacon is detected and localized by a towed passive array in a shallow-water channel. The acoustic beacon transmits a 10 millisecond pulse at 37.5 kilohertz every second, and is modeled as an isotropic projector. The locator system tows a passive array beneath the surface, which is modeled as a uniform linear array. Once the acoustic beacon signal is detected, a direction of arrival estimator is used to locate the beacon.