Quadrature Decoder

Compute position of quadrature encoder

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  • Library:

  • Motor Control Blockset / Sensor Decoders

Description

The Quadrature Decoder block computes the position of the quadrature encoder. The block uses the current encoder counter value and encoder counter value at the previous index pulse to calculate the angular position of the quadrature encoder (and the rotor) in either degrees, radians, or per-unit.

This figure shows a quadrature encoder disk with two channels (QEPA and QEPB) and an index pulse (QEPI):

In this example, the timer driven by the QEP increments by four for each slit:

Equations

The block computes the angular position (in counts) of the quadrature encoder as:

When the encoder rotates in the clockwise direction:

  • If Idx≤Cnt,

    Position count=(Cnt−Idx)

  • If Idx>Cnt and the shaft rotation direction does not change,

    Position count=(Cnt−Idx)

  • If Idx>Cnt and the shaft rotation direction reverses,

    Position count=Counts per revolution−(Idx−Cnt)

When the encoder rotates in the anticlockwise direction:

  • If Idx≥Cnt,

    Position count=Counts per revolution−(Idx−Cnt)

  • If Idx<Cnt and the shaft rotation direction does not change,

    Position count=Counts per revolution−(Idx−Cnt)

  • If Idx<Cnt and the shaft rotation direction reverses,

    Position count=(Cnt−Idx)

When you clear the External index count parameter, the Idx pulse resets Cnt to zero, therefore:

Position count=Cnt

where:

  • Position count is the angular position of the quadrature encoder in counts.

  • Counts per revolution is the number of counts in one rotation cycle of the quadrature encoder.

The block computes the output θm as:

Position=360×Position count/(Encoder slits×Encoder counts per slit) (in degrees)

Position=2π×Position count/(Encoder slits×Encoder counts per slit) (in radians)

Position=Cnt/(Encoder slits×Encoder counts per slit) (in per-unit)

Ports

Input

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Value that the quadrature encoder counter generates with respect to the slit-position. The port only accepts a scalar unsigned integer based on the Counter size parameter. For example, if you select 8 bits for Counter size, the input data type must be uint8.

Data Types: uint8 | uint16 | uint32

Value that the quadrature encoder counter generated with respect to the slit-position at the time of the last index pulse. The port only accepts a scalar unsigned integer based on the Counter size parameter. For example, if you select 8 bits for Counter size, the input data type must be uint8.

Dependencies

To enable this port, select the External index count parameter.

Data Types: uint8 | uint16 | uint32

Note

The input data types for both Cnt and Idx must be identical.

Output

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Angular position that the block computes based on the Cnt and Idx inputs.

Data Types: single | double | fixed point

Parameters

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The number of slits available in each phase of the quadrature encoder.

The number of counts that the quadrature encoder generates for every slit. A count indicates a slit position. For example, select 4 if you want the encoder to generate four counts corresponding to 00, 10, 11, and 01 slit positions or values.

Size of the quadrature encoder counter.

The block enables the Idx input port only if you select this parameter. The block expects that the Cnt input port value resets at the time of the Idx pulse.

Unit of the angular position output.

The data type for the angular position output.

Note

The Quadrature Decoder block may occasionally display the warning message 'Wrap on overflow detected.'

Model Examples

Quadrature Encoder Offset Calibration for PMSM Motor

Quadrature Encoder Offset Calibration for PMSM Motor

Calculates the offset between the d-axis of the rotor and encoder index pulse position as detected by the quadrature encoder sensor. The control algorithm (available in the field-oriented control and parameter estimation examples) uses this offset value to compute an accurate and precise position of the d-axis of rotor. The controller needs this position to implement the field-oriented control (FOC) correctly in the rotor flux reference frame (d-q reference frame), and therefore, run the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) correctly.

Field-Oriented Control of PMSM Using Quadrature Encoder

Field-Oriented Control of PMSM Using Quadrature Encoder

Implements the field-oriented control (FOC) technique to control the speed of a three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). The FOC algorithm requires rotor position feedback, which is obtained by a quadrature encoder sensor. For details about FOC, see Field-Oriented Control (FOC)

Extended Capabilities

C/C++ Code Generation
Generate C and C++ code using Simulink® Coder™.

Fixed-Point Conversion
Design and simulate fixed-point systems using Fixed-Point Designer™.

See Also

Topics

Introduced in R2020a

Motor Control Blockset Documentation

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