Documentation

How MATLAB Determines Number of Arguments

MATLAB^® calls subsref or subsasgn to determine the result of executing code that involves indexed reference or assignment. The number of elements referenced or assigned by an indexing operation determines the number of arguments MATLAB uses to call subsref and subsasgn. That is, the indexing code determines the number of arguments that MATLAB:

Therefore, the indexing code determines the value of nargout for the call to subsref and the value of nargin for the call to subsasgn.

For example, consider the ValuesArray class.

classdef ValuesArray
   properties
      Values
   end
   methods
      function obj = ValuesArray(v)
         if nargin > 0
            obj.Values = v;
         end
      end
   end
end

Create an array of 10 ValuesArray objects.

l = ValuesArray.empty;
for k = 1:10
   l(k) = ValuesArray(k);
end

This subscripted reference returns a comma-separated list of three elements. For this statement, the value of nargout in subsref is 3.

l(1:3).Values

ans =

     1


ans =

     2


ans =

     3

The left side of a subscripted assignment statement affects the number of input arguments that MATLAB uses to call subsasgn. This subscripted assignment assigns three values to the three elements added to the array. For this assignment, the value of nargin within subsasgn is 5 (the object, the indexing substructure, and the three values to assign).

[l(11:13).Values] = l(1:3).Values

l = 

  1x13 ValuesArray array with properties:

    Values

If the number of right-side arguments cannot satisfy the number of left-side arguments, MATLAB returns an error:

[l(11:13).Values] = l(1).Values

Insufficient number of outputs from right hand side of equal sign to satisfy
assignment.

Syntax for subsref, and subsasgn Methods

If a class overloads subsref to support either '{}', '.', or both types of indexing, and the operation returns more than one value, overload subsref to return multiple values using varargout:

function varargout = subsref(A,S)
   ...
end

If a class overloads subsasgn to support either '{}', '.', or both types of indexing, and the operation assigns more than one value, overload subsasgn to accept multiple values using varargin:

function A = subsasgn(A,S,varargin)
   ...
end