Define DC-Servo Motor Model

The linear open-loop dynamic model is defined in plant. Variable tau is the maximum admissible torque to be used as an output constraint.

[plant,tau] = mpcmotormodel;

Specify input and output signal types for the MPC controller. The second output, torque, is unmeasurable.

plant = setmpcsignals(plant,'MV',1,'MO',1,'UO',2);

Specify MV Constraints

The manipulated variable is constrained between +/- 220 volts. Since the plant inputs and outputs are of different orders of magnitude, you also use scale factors to facilitate MPC tuning. Typical choices of scale factor are the upper/lower limit or the operating range.

MV = struct('Min',-220,'Max',220,'ScaleFactor',440);

Specify OV Constraints

Torque constraints are only imposed during the first three prediction steps.

OV = struct('Min',{-Inf, [-tau;-tau;-tau;-Inf]},...
            'Max',{Inf, [tau;tau;tau;Inf]},...
            'ScaleFactor',{2*pi, 2*tau});

Specify Tuning Weights

The control task is to get zero tracking offset for the angular position. Since you only have one manipulated variable, the shaft torque is allowed to float within its constraint by setting its weight to zero.

Weights = struct('MV',0,'MVRate',0.1,'OV',[0.1 0]);

Create MPC controller

Create an MPC controller with sample time Ts, prediction horizon p, and control horizon m.

Ts = 0.1;
p = 10;
m = 2;
mpcobj = mpc(plant,Ts,p,m,Weights,MV,OV);

Simulate Controller Using sim Function

Use the sim function to simulate the closed-loop control of the linear plant model in MATLAB.

disp('Now simulating nominal closed-loop behavior');
Tstop = 8;                      % seconds
Tf = round(Tstop/Ts);           % simulation iterations
r = [pi*ones(Tf,1) zeros(Tf,1)];% reference signal
[y1,t1,u1] = sim(mpcobj,Tf,r);

Now simulating nominal closed-loop behavior
-->Converting model to discrete time.
   Assuming no disturbance added to measured output channel #1.
-->The "Model.Noise" property of the "mpc" object is empty. Assuming white noise on each measured output channel.

Plot results.

subplot(3,1,1)
stairs(t1,y1(:,1))
hold on
stairs(t1,r(:,1))
hold off
title('Angular Position')
subplot(3,1,2)
stairs(t1,y1(:,2))
title('Torque')
subplot(3,1,3)
stairs(t1,u1)
title('Voltage')

Simulate Using Simulink

To run this example, Simulink® is required.

if ~mpcchecktoolboxinstalled('simulink')
    disp('Simulink(R) is required to run this example.')
    return
end

Simulate closed-loop control of the linear plant model in Simulink. The MPC Controller block is configured to use mpcobj as its controller.

mdl = 'mpc_motor';
open_system(mdl)
sim(mdl)

The closed-loop response is identical to the simulation result in MATLAB.

References

[1] A. Bemporad and E. Mosca, "Fulfilling hard constraints in uncertain linear systems by reference managing," Automatica, vol. 34, no. 4, pp. 451-461, 1998.

bdclose(mdl)