loopsens

Sensitivity functions of plant-controller feedback loop

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Syntax

loops = loopsens(P,C)

Description

loops = loopsens(P,C) creates a struct, loops, whose fields contain the multivariable sensitivity, complementary and open-loop transfer functions. The closed-loop system consists of the controller C in negative feedback with the plant P. C should only be the compensator in the feedback path, not any reference channels, if it is a 2-Dof controller as seen in the figure below. The plant and compensator P and C can be constant matrices, double, lti objects, frd/ss/tf/zpk, or uncertain objects umat/ufrd/uss.

The loops returned variable is a structure with fields:

Field

Description

Poles

Closed-loop poles. NaN for frd/ufrd objects

Stable

1 if nominal closed loop is stable, 0 otherwise. NaN for frd/ufrd objects

Si

Input-to-plant sensitivity function

Ti

Input-to-plant complementary sensitivity function

Li

Input-to-plant loop transfer function

So

Output-to-plant sensitivity function

To

Output-to-plant complementary sensitivity function

Lo

Output-to-plant loop transfer function

PSi

Plant times input-to-plant sensitivity function

CSo

Compensator times output-to-plant sensitivity function

The multivariable closed-loop interconnection structure, shown below, defines the input/output sensitivity, complementary sensitivity, and loop transfer functions.

The following table gives the values of the input and output sensitivity functions for this control structure.

Description

Equation

Input sensitivity Si (closed-loop transfer function from d1 to e1)

Si = (I + CP)–1

Input complementary sensitivity Ti (closed-loop transfer function from d1 to e2)

Ti = CP(I + CP)–1

Output sensitivity So (closed-loop transfer function from d2 to e2)

So = (I + PC)–1

Output complementary sensitivity To (closed-loop transfer function from d2 to e4)

To = PC(I + PC)–1

Input loop transfer function Li

Li = CP

Output loop transfer function Lo

Lo = PC

Examples

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Open Live Script

Consider PI controller for a dominantly 1st-order plant, with the closed-loop bandwidth of 2.5 rads/sec. Since the problem is SISO, all gains are the same at input and output.

gamma = 2; tau = 1.5; taufast = 0.1; 
P = tf(gamma,[tau 1])*tf(1,[taufast 1]); 
tauclp = 0.4; 
xiclp = 0.8; 
wnclp = 1/(tauclp*xiclp); 
KP = (2*xiclp*wnclp*tau - 1)/gamma; 
KI = wnclp^2*tau/gamma; 
C = tf([KP KI],[1 0]);

Form the closed-loop (and open-loop) systems with loopsens, and plot Bode plots using the gains at the plant input.

loops = loopsens(P,C); 
bode(loops.Si,'r',loops.Ti,'b',loops.Li,'g')

Finally, compare the open-loop plant gain to the closed-loop value of PSi.

bodemag(P,'r',loops.PSi,'b')

Open Live Script

Consider an integral controller for a constant-gain, 2-input, 2-output plant. For purposes of illustration, the controller is designed via inversion, with different bandwidths in each rotated channel.

P = ss([2 3;-1 1]); 
BW = diag([2 5]); 
[U,S,V] = svd(P.d);                % get SVD of Plant Gain 
Csvd = V*inv(S)*BW*tf(1,[1 0])*U'; % inversion based on SVD 
loops = loopsens(P,Csvd); 
bode(loops.So,'g',loops.To,'r.',logspace(-1,3,120))
title('Output Sensitivity (green), Output Complementary Sensitivity (red)');

See Also

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Introduced before R2006a

Robust Control Toolbox Documentation
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